Jumaat, Disember 21, 2007
Brief history of District
District Uttarkashi is named uttarkashi because it is situated between Assi Ganga and varuna Ganga. Border District Uttarkashi Was formed on 24 feb. 1960. Before it was a part of teheri State. Even after independence of India people of tehri was under monarchy . after a long mass movement tehri state was merged into India on 1 Aug . 1949. on 1 Aug 1949 the last King of tehri state king Manvendra shah (now M P) Merged the tehri state in to Indian republic and in this Way tehri District came into existence as a part of UP state. For independence people of tehri State did a long revolution under the leadership of Sridev Suman, Nagendra saklani and Bholu bhandari. Tilari undar Rajagarhi (Barkot) tehsil is the symbol of that movement where in 1930 People gathered against Monarchy. It is famous as Tilarikand in history. Still in Uttarkashi it is Celebrated as tilari day. Due to large geographical area and some administrative problem separate district Uttarkashi was carved out of tehri district on 24 feb. 1960. Uttarkashi has beautiful natural resource, hindu piligrim Gangotri and Yamanotri and river Ganga and Yamuna. District has its own religious, mythological, historical and strategic importance. It Was called land of God in Purans. In ancient time trade were conducted from Tibet and Barahat, (old name of Uttarkashi) It Was Commercial market of this area. After China attack in 1962. strategic importance of Uttarkashi was increased manyfoldes. In uttarkashi gift of nature appears in plenty. Snow covered mountains, running rivers, lakes, and grassland (Bugyal) makes it beauty great. The first lady Bachendri Pal, who conquered the Everest belongs to this Distt. Present name Uttarkashi to Barahat was probably given by adi Sankaracharya during visit to Barahat he found its location like Kashi because it was Situated between Varuna and Assi and called it as Kashi of north. Its location and condition is very much similar to kashi. Vishawanath Temple, Annapurna Temple, Kalvhairave Temple Manikarnika Ghat Etc. are also situated here as in Kashi. Even the lanes of Uttarkashi are Similar to Kashi. And are similarly Decorated. After crossing radi valley which is 2220 mtr. above sea level Barkot is the first town of yamuna valley. It is situated on the Bank of yamuna in route of yamanotri 86 Km. far from Distt. Headquarter Uttarkashi. Diet are Situated here. Except this S.D.M. office tehsil office G.I.C., G.G.I.C, I.T.I. Govt.college, and many Pvt. Schools are located here. Field of Telari still tells the story of Barbarisn of Dewan chakradhar Juyal and D.F.O. Padmadatta. 30 may is celebrated as Telari day every year here to remember the martyar.
Block Purola in Rawain Valley came into existence just after the formation of Distt. It was formed by merging Sirain and Rama Sirain Patti of Rawain valley Uttarkashi is blessed by God shiv. It is situated on the Bank of River Bhagarathi. It is said about Shivlinga of Vishawanath temple that it was formed by blessed light of God. According to Historian Vishawanath temple was constructed by king Ganeshwar and the trishul situated in tempal was established by its son Guhraja. North Himalayan area of the District is closer to china which make the district sensitive form security point of view. That is why uttarkashi is a border district. District uttarkashi has to religious places Gangotri and yamonotri. Form Gomukh near Gangotri Bhagirathi gets its origin and from yamonoti yamuna originates. Both are respected river of India. To visit Gangotri and yamonotri tourist from all over India and abroad come here. In the east of the district Chamoli in west Dehradun and Himanchal pradesh and in south tehri is situated. At the time of formation of district the social and economical condition of district was poor than other district.
B) Educational scenario of the district.
1- Geographical status – In north of Uttarkashi Tibet in north west himanchal pradesh in west capital of Uttaranchal Dehradun and in south Tehri Garhwal District is situated. Length of district is 144.84 Km. and width is 90.12 Km. its area is 8016 Sq. Km. district Uttarkashi is situated in between 30.22 to 31.25 latitude and 71.51 to 79.27 longitutde. Geograhplical district can be divided in to three parts. Snowi reasion adjacent to Tibet.- It is the North part of the district which remains coverd with snow through out the year. Middle hilly reasion – It is the south region where small mountaion and fields are found religious and tourist places are situated in this region. Ganga and yamuna valley – Ganga Valley is more fertile than yamona valley.District uttarkashi is situated in the lap of Himalaya and most of the region are hilly district is full with natural resources snowy valley lakes flora and fauna. 88% area is coverd with forest. Forest has mainly tree of pines, Banj, Buransha, Kharasu, Attes, Himari, Pagar, walnut , cham, kharik, bhutia, almond, Deodar, fur, kail, Padma, Bhojpatra etc. at hight grass land called as Bugyal are found. Among birds monal, Kokila, Kaliz etc. are found. District has many beautiful lakes like dodital, Nachiketatal, Saat tal, Sahstra tal, khara tal, Saptarishital etc. Har ki dun, Dayara Bugyal are famous tourists place. Tourists use to visit district through out the year. District has ample opportulity for the development of tourism. In mori block there is a place Kiroli tappad, were the highest pine tree of asia is present. Its height is 60.64 Mtr. and width is 2.54 Mtr. Nehru institute of mountaineering to train mountaineers are situated in uttarkashi. Uttarkashi comes under the Garhwal mandal. Due to beings border district. It has very strategic importance. Importance of uttarkashi was described in the vanparva of mahabharat, kedarkhand of Skandpuran and other mythological scriptures. Among for Dham of Hindu two dham Gangotri and yamonotri are situated in the district. Structure – Total district is hilly full with snowy peaks valleys dense forest rivers fountains etc. District can be divide into Ganga and yamuna valley is popularly known as rawain area.
Hight of sum places – 1- Gangotri-3048 mtr. 2- yamonotri 3185 mtr. 3- harsil – 2620 mtr. kadar parvat – 6940 mtr. Bandar pounch – 6315 mtr. bharat danda – 6800 mtr. Barkot – 1800 mtr. Season :- District has all three season – winter, summer and rainly but period of winter and rainy season is comparatively long. Winter extends from October to November, april to june summer and july to September rainy season is found.
Forest and Agriculture :- 88% area is coverd by forest it has trees of wild grasses, Banj, Deodar, Pines, toon etc. medicinal plants like timaru, Brahm kamal, Salam, Panja, Chiraita, are found in abundance. Commercial production of fruits are done. Cash crop like potato, pea, tomato etc. are also produced many rare wild animals are also found for which sanctuary are formed. Cow, buffalo, Goat, Sheep, Hens are etc. are domestic animals. Goat and sheep are reared commercial. Social and economical status :- main occupation of the people is farming or farming related work. Most of the land is rocky sloppy and less fertile. Thus forming is not very benificial buissiness. Farming of medicinal plants can be beneficial. Industries best on medicinal plants can be established here. Cash crop like potato Ragama, Chilly, tomato etc. are produced here. District has not big industries. An unit of miniral water is run by G.M.V.N. sheep rearing is done some area due to which woolen, cottage industries exists in some villeages. There is a great possibility of tourism in district. District have a special place in medicinal plant farming. Medicinal plants like Atis, Chyun, Matkeshari, Guggul, Shal, Salam, Mishri, Salam panja, Nandrayan, Jambu, Kharasri, Ajawavayan, Kutaki, Deelu, Chiraita, Nairpatti, Ratanjeti, Koont, Bargi etc. are found in abundance. Fruits like peair apple, apricop, Walnut, Guava, Chullu, Pulam etc. are produced here. Many orchard exists in the district.
Water resources and irrigation :- River’s like Ganga, Yamuna, Kamal, Rupin, Supin, Pawar etc. flows through the district. Its water can be used for irrigation and drinking water. Microhidro power plants can be formed to generate revenue. Multipurpose power project can be constituted for irrigation and drinking water and power production. Maneri Bhali project one of them. Farming is mainly rain based but canals and gool are also constructed for irrigation. Many M.H.P. are proposed in the district. Know a days for solving drinking water problems hand pump. are being installed at large scale.
Mineral resource :- lime stone and sulpher mind are present in district. But these are not utilized properly. due to transportation problem. There is a good opportunity of cement industries in the district.
Cultural status :- District has a wide variety of culture. District is divide into two valleys. People of different community live here. Which has different culture, dialect and festival. Rawanlata community lives in rawain valley. Whose culture still lures sociologists. Bhotia community lives in taknaur area of harsil. Which has a different culture and rituals. Each village has its own god or deity temple. Concept of their dolies is peculiar to Garhwali culture for example kandar God in Barahat, someshwar in taknaur, mahasu in hanol, pokhu in Naitawar harimaharaj in manpur Jaganath in sald are famous. In fatte hills area of mori block karna and Duryaodhun are worshipped. District has it own peculiar culture. The main culture is Garhwali but culture of Himanchal Bangan and Jaunpure is also mixed. Garhwali culture dominates in ganga valley while bangani Jaunpuri, Hamanchali and Rawain culture dominate in yamuna valley. Culture of both valley are peculiar in itself. Folk culture of yamuna valley and rawain valley attracts sociologist and pundits of culture from long ago. Pandave doli, Ranso, Chhopati, Tandi, Dangri, Chhora, Pawara, Jagar, are the folk dance of the district. Festivals and fairs are celebrated almost every months. In Uttarkashi Magh Mela in January are organized by district administration. In the mont of baishaka at Bhatwari kyara, fair of bikhod is organized. In the month of Asharh fair of fuleth occurs in raithal, Gorshali, Tihar, Salang, Malla, etc. in taknor area fair of seluku occurs in the last of asharh. In Baishakh fairs occurs in nagun garwarsali, Marogoan etc. Garhwali culture dominated here. Garhwali is main dialect but in urban area generally hindi is spoken. Bangani is spoken in Bangan area of mori block. Bangan is adjacent to himanchal. Bangani is different from garhwali. Hindy culture dominates in uttarkashi.
Important places :- Except block headquarter harshil, chinyali, yamonotri, Arakot, Tyuni, Barkot, Purola, are the main town. DIET is located in Barkot. It is a small town. Mythologically it was the capital of king Sahastrabahu and sage Jamdagni did tapasaya here. It is situated on the bank of river yamuna on the hight of about 1800 mtr. it is 150 Km. away from Dehradun and 86 km. from uttarkashi. It is a base camp for yamonotri. Tourist stay here duning visit to yamonotri. From April to june Tourist crowds here. Hotel Buisness is the main Buisness of barkot.
Adminstrative Structure :- District has five tehsil and five blocks. There are 36 Nayan panchayat. There are nagar panchayat uttakashi and barkot. District has 373 village panchayat. There is a Gangotri notified area in Gangotri. District has 6 B.R.C. and 40 C.R.C. there are six B.E.O. are also appointed.
Literacy Rate :- According to Census 2001 literacy rate is 66.58. male literacy is 84.52 while female literacy is 47.58. but the literacy rate detail recieved from D.P.O. is as fallow.
Population :- According to cansus 2001. total population is 294179. Male female Ratio is 1000:941. population density is 37 person per square Km. detail received from D.P.O. is as fallow.